List of the Basque Autonomous Community Presidents

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The President of the autonomous government of the Basque Country, Spain is referred to as Eusko Jaurlaritzako lehendakari in Basque ("President of the Basque Government").

The correspondent title in Spanish is Presidente del Gobierno Vasco and, since recently, lehendakari^[1] or the Spanish form lendakari.^[2]

Contents 1 History of the term 2 List of lehendakaris 3 See also 4 References

History of the term

The term lehendakari is a 20th century neologism. Before the establishment of Standard Basque in the 1970s, it was spelled Euzko Jaurlaritzaren Lendakari. Both lendakari (president) and jaurlaritza (government) are Basque neologisms created by members of the Basque Nationalist Party.

The generic Basque words for "president" and "government" are both lehendakari(a) and presidente(a) for the former, and gobernu(a) for the latter, being presidente(a) and gobernu(a) words loaned from Spanish in the absence of an original Basque term for these.

Since the very moment when the noun lehendakari was coined, both lehendakari(a) and presidente(a) have been used as perfect synonyms to refer to the head of any public or private government organ.^[3] So lehendakari, in Basque language, is not only the name of the President of the Basque Autonomous Community,^[4] but also the name officially used to refer to the head of the Chartered Community of Navarre,^[5] the head of a parliament,^[6] the head of a rugby club,^[7] the head of a hiring board,^[8] the head of a board of directors,^[9] etcetera.

On the other hand, the word Lehendakari is commonly used in Spanish, both in and outside the Basque region, to refer exclusively to the Basque president, comparable to the use of Taoiseach as the title of the Irish head of government in English.

Lehendakaris elected for the PNV have sworn office following a ritual established by Aguirre: next to the Guernica Tree, on a Bible in Basque, using a symbolic formula which reads "before God, prostrated, standing on Basque land, remembering the ancestors, under the Guernica Tree and before you, representatives of the Basque people, I swear...".

Current lehendakari Patxi López used a similar formula in the same place, but also included visible changes to it by suppressing the "before God, prostrated" part and the fact that he sworn on a Basque Statute of Autonomy rather than on a Bible.^[10]

List of lehendakaris

#	From	To	Picture	Holder	Party	Notes
1st	8 October 1936	22 March 1960		José Antonio Aguirre y Lecube	PNV-EAJ	In exile from 1937 due to the advance of the nationalist side in the Spanish Civil War and the subsequent dictatorship.
2nd	22 March 1960	2 May 1979		Jesús María de Leizaola Sánchez	PNV-EAJ	In exile. The Basque government-in-exile dissolved following the enacting of the new Statute of Autonomy in 1980.
-	7 February 1978	2 May 1979		Ramón Rubial Cavia	PSE-EE	Appointed President of the Basque General Council, a multipartite organ preparing the restoration of Basque autonomy.
3rd	9 April 1980	2 March 1985		Carlos Garaikoetxea Urriza	PNV-EAJ	Served as President of the Basque General Council in 1979, then as Lehendakari after the enacting of the Statute of Autonomy.
4th	2 March 1985	2 January 1999		José Antonio Ardanza Garro	PNV-EAJ
5th	2 January 1999	7 May 2009		Juan José Ibarretxe Markuartu	PNV-EAJ
6th	7 May 2009	Incumbent		Francisco Javier "Patxi" López Álvarez	PSE-EE

See also

• Ajuria Enea

References

1. ^ The Style Guide of the most sold newspaper in Spain, El País, recommends the spelling "lehendakari" and advises against the spelling "lendakari."
2. ^ The dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy uses the spelling "lendakari."
3. ^ See the abundant examples in the Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia dictionary entry of lehendakari: "Presidente. "Lendakari aukeratu zuten" Gte Erd 60. Euzko-Antzerti-Bazkunaren Lendakarijari. EEs 1911, 116. Gipuzkoako Diputazioko lendakari Julian Elorza jaunak. Muj PAm 9. Azkenengo ogasunzaia Antonio Alzibar eta lenbiziko lendakaria Bruno Larrazabal jaunak izan ziran. Eguzk RIEV 1927, 435n. Agur, Arana Goiri, geure lendakari / zintzo ta ona zaren jeltzale gurgarri. Enb 125. ["Eusko-Ikaskuntza"-ko] lendakariak batzarre-itxitzea yo zun. Ldi IL 94. Colombiako lendakari izana. PMuj Y 1934, 165. Obispoa zan, baño baita erri gizon bezela, lendakari edo agintari nagusi ere. Munita 32. Oraintsu arte bera izan da Luistarren lendakaria Itziar-en. Basarri 29. Ajuria'tar Kepa lendakaritzako. BEnb NereA 69. Agirre lendakari bikañari. Ugalde Iltz 3. Ez aiñ gutxi-etsi, lendakari baiño gutxiagoko zerbaiti eder-etsiaz. Berron Kijote 91. En DFrec hay 149 ejs. (2 septentrionales) de lehendakari y 23 de lendakari. v. tbn. Lendakari: JBDei 1919, 318. EEs 1920, 109 y 1924, 133. NEtx Nola 11. (Como primer miembro de comp.). Lendakari-aulki atzean lau ate-morroi, soin-ertzak urrez aski-apaindurik. Ldi IL 21. Lendakari-mai aurretik mintzategi bat dago. Ib. 25 (en ambos casos se refiere al Parlamento español)."
4. ^ See the official website of the President of the Basque Autonomous Community.
5. ^ See the page of the Presidency of the Government of Navarre.
6. ^ See the official pages of both the head of the Parliament of the Chartered Community of Navarre and the head of the Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community.
7. ^ For example, the president of the Ordizia Rugby Club is referred to as klubeko lehendakari (president of the club) in the official website of this club.
8. ^ See, for example, this announcement published in the Official Bulletin of the Basque Autonomous Community.
9. ^ See, for example, this page that lists the members of the Board of Directors of the company Egunkaria SA. Juan Mari Torrealdai is Administrazio Kontseiluko lehendakaria (president of the Board of Directors).
10. ^ [1]

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